Mengenal 5 Sifat dan budaya Seorang Guru

Budaya Sekolah memiliki bentuk-bentuk budaya tertentu dan salah satunya adalah bentuk budaya guru yang menggambarkan tentang Karakeristik pola-pola hubungan guru di sekolah. Hargreaves (1992) telah mengidentifikasi Lima (5) bentuk Budaya Guru, yaitu :

1. Individualism
2. Balkanization
3. Contrived Collegiality
4. Collaboration dan
5. Moving Mosaic

1. Individualism - Budaya dalam bentuk ini ditandai dengan adanya sebagian besar guru bekerja secara sendiri-sendiri (Soliter), mereka menjadi tersisolasi dalam ruang kelasnya, dan hanya sedikit kolaborasi, sehingga kesempatan pengembangan profesi melalui diskusi atau sharing dengan yang lain menjadi sangat terbatas 
2. Individualism - Budaya dalam bentuk ini ditandai dengan adanya sebagian besar guru bekerja secara sendiri-sendiri (Soliter), mereka menjadi tersisolasi dalam ruang kelasnya, dan hanya sedikit kolaborasi, sehingga kesempatan pengembangan profesi melalui diskusi atau sharing dengan yang lain menjadi sangat terbatas 
3. Balkanization - Bentuk budaya yang kedua ini ditandai dengan adanya sub-sub kelompok secara terpisah yang cenderung saling bersaing dan lebih mementingkan kelompoknya daripada mementingkan sekolah secara keseluruhan. Misalnya, hadirnya kelompok guru senior dan guru junior atau kelompok-kelompok guru berdasarkan mata pelajaran. Pada budaya ini, komunikasi jarang terjadi dan kurang adanya kesinambungan dalam memantau perkembangan perilaku siswa, bahkan cenderung mengabaikannya 
4. Contrived Collegiality - Bentuk budaya yang ketiga ini sudah terjadi kolaborasi yang ditentukan oleh manajemen, misalnya menentukan prosedur perencanaan bersama, konsultasi dan pengambilan keputusan, serta pandangan tentang hasil-hasil yang diharapkan. Bentuk budaya ini sangat bermanfaat untuk masa-masa awal dalam membangun hubungan kolaboratif para guru. Kendati demikian, pada buaya ini belum bisa menjamin ketercapaian hasil, karena untuk membangun budaya kolaboratif memang tidak bisa melalui paksaan 
5. Collaboration - Pada budaya inilah guru dapat memilih secara bebas dan saling mendukung dengan didasari saling percaya dan keterbukaan. Dalam budaya kolaboratif terdapat saling keterpaduan (intermixing) antara kehidupan pribadi dengan tugas-tugas profesional, saling menghargai, dan adanya toleransi atas perbedaan 
6. Moving Mosaic - Pada model ini sekolah sudah menunjukkan karakteristik seperti apa yang disampaikan oleh Senge (1990) tentang "Learning Organisation". Para guru sangat fleksibel dan adaptif, semua guru mengambil peran, bekerja secara kolaboratif dan reflektif, serta memiliki komitmen untuk melakukan perbaikan secara berkesinambungan.

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Determining Learning Way of Life For The Future

Towards the end of the exam, or even when just up grade 12, usually people ask: "What are going tuition where?" The question seems very simple. But for some reason, it is difficult to answer.

Like the story of "Alice In Wonderland" at the top, if we do not know the purpose of our lives, now and only realized the life we ​​have is not the life we ​​so unfocused. We might wake up 10 years from now and realize Bary, the life we ​​have is not the life we ​​want. What we know, so what about 5 years from now? 10 years from now? Therefore, it is important for a person to determine her destiny. Do not wake up 10 years from now and just realized, instead of living like this we want to live.

We may have Accumulated Achievements in many areas but if we do not have a clear purpose in life, our life will be like a broken kite is not clear about where.

BENEFITS OF THE END

The Survey Shows, Many Failures Occur Due to the Following Matters:

• Not everyone knows his purpose in life.
• Not everyone knows to be done in achieving the goal of his life.
• Not everyone has the measure of success.

By knowing the purpose of life, the benefits we can take is the following:

1. Help make Decisions - With no final destination, ktia tend to follow the flow / under it to someone else, even though we do not like their choices. Though the current path we choose will have a big impact in my life.
2. Strengthen Motivation - Way of life no matter what we choose would require sacrifice. Anything as perfect a condition, there must be good and not good. Has the ultimate goal to help us through many difficult times and feel confident to achieve what is really desired.

How to Determine the End

The trick is simple. Thoughtful, find a place where we can be alone without being disturbed, away from the pile of books and assignments, computer games and jokes from friends. Ask yourself a few questions, to the depths of the most in your day.

• What are the potential I have?
• What would make me really happy? (Eternal Happiness, Not for a moment)
• What I do not want in life?
• What are the principles that are fundamental to me?
• I want to be like?
• What should I do at this duinia?

If These Fundamental Questions can be answered, then we have had enough capital to make the vision.

PURSUING THE END

After having a vision statement, the next question is how to make it happen?

Obviously we do not want to just have beautiful words as a slogan is not it?

To Achieve this Vision, do the Following things:

1. Calculate the Sacrifice - For example, we want to speak fluent English, then the sacrifices we have to follow the lessons three times a week. Ask yourself whether we are willing to make sacrifices?
2. Write - Write down specifically what steps are necessary to achieve that vision salts. If we do not write it down then we will most likely forget about it. If necessary we have to create it and paste it in every corner of our room so we will always remember the things we should do.
3. Implement - No matter how good the plan will be useless if not implemented. Take short-term steps that we wrote earlier. Do not indulge too much.
4. Evaluation - Periodically, review the implementation of measures that we do. Whether the development was as expected? Is it still realistic? Do we have less interest?
5. Log In Enabling Environments - We will be more kaut if we are in environments that are conducive to achieve their goals. For example, our short-term vision is to reach a value of 9, then we will be more easy to achieve if we are in the environment of people who want the same thing.

Has the Ultimate Goal can help us pass a Variety of Difficult Conditions because he felt sure the Sacrifice is worth it.

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Proposed Cloaking Device for Water Waves Could Protect Ships at Sea

The weird science of invisibility has entered uncharted waters. By altering the sea floor in just the right way, it should be possible to hide an object floating on the sea from passing waves, a fluid mechanician predicts. The technique might help to protect ships and floating structures from rough seas. And because the scheme works entirely differently from the "cloaks" developed to hide objects from light and other electromagnetic waves, it breaks new ground for research.

"This is great fun and a brilliant idea," says Ulf Leonhardt, a theoretical physicist at the University of St. Andrews in the United Kingdom.

In ordinary cloaking, the idea is to smoothly funnel light around an object so it emerges on the other side of the object as if nothing had been there. The basic theory behind that approach is called transformation optics. It envisions literally bending space and time so that light will flow around the object. The theory then shows how to simulate that warping of space and time by surrounding the object with a "cloak" with precisely tuned optical properties. The cloak consists of an assemblage of metallic rods and rings known as a metamaterial. Since 2006, researchers have fashioned rudimentary invisibility cloaks for radio waves and even for light.

Now, Mohammad-Reza Alam, a fluid mechanician at the University of California, Berkeley, has come up with a different method that, in principle, can cloak an object floating on the sea such as a buoy or an oil-drilling rig from water waves rippling across the surface. To begin, Alam notes that the ocean water tends to separate, or "stratify," into two layers: a colder, denser layer below and a warmer, lighter layer above. And just as waves can zip across the surface of the water, they can also ripple along the interface between the layers. Alam's idea is simple: As a surface wave approaches an object, transform it into an interfacial wave that will pass beneath the object. Then, once the interfacial wave has passed the object, transform it back into a surface wave. (See figure.)

To make that happen, Alam takes advantage of a key difference between the surface waves and the interfacial waves. For the same frequency of oscillation, the interfacial waves will have a much shorter wavelength and lower speed than the surface waves above. That makes it possible to transfer energy from the surface wave to the interfacial wave by placing a patch of wavy ripples on the sea floor in front of the object that have a wavelength that's tuned just right. The precise condition is easiest to understand in terms of "wave vector," essentially one over the wavelength: The wave vector of the ripples must equal the difference in the wave vectors of the interfacial and surface waves.

The energy transfer takes place because both types of waves "feel" the bottom, Alam says. And a second, identical patch of ripples on the other side of the object turns the interfacial wave back into a surface wave. Alam demonstrates the technique with computer simulations in a paper published 23 February in Physical Review Letters. To make a cloak for multiple wavelengths of surface waves, one need only add multiple patches on the sea bottom, he reports in the paper.

Could such a simple idea have real-world applications? Quite possibly, says Marc Perlin, a fluid mechanician at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. "This thing would work, I think, to protect offshore structure," Perlin says. "I think it has a lot of potential."

Of course, as Perlin notes (and Alam acknowledges in the paper), the real sea is much more complicated than the idealized model in the analysis. For example, it generally has a gradient of density, not two definite layers. And the surface ripples with many waves of various wavelengths and not just waves of one wavelength. However, those factors would likely only reduce, not eliminate, the effectiveness of the device, Perlin says. Even an imperfect cloaking device that didn't completely squelch surface waves could still be useful, he says. "If they wanted to use it to provide a zone for protecting fishing boats, a zone to huddle in, then it might work," Perlin says.

The new scheme works only in the context of layered seas, Leonhardt notes. Nevertheless, it provides a wholly new take on cloaking, he says. "It's more limited [than transformation optics]," he says. "But on the other hand, it's a new twist on the idea of cloaking and could inspire others to pursue other new directions."

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